{"id":1398,"date":"2025-04-02T13:16:58","date_gmt":"2025-04-02T13:16:58","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/swiftlitigation.com\/?p=1398"},"modified":"2025-04-02T13:18:34","modified_gmt":"2025-04-02T13:18:34","slug":"creation-of-economic-activity-courts-and-a-contribution-for-economic-justice","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/swiftlitigation.com\/en\/creation-of-economic-activity-courts-and-a-contribution-for-economic-justice\/","title":{"rendered":"Creation of Economic Activity Courts and a Contribution for Economic Justice"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Since January 1, 2025, 12 commercial courts[1] have been renamed Economic Activity Courts<\/strong> for a four-year trial period, with the main innovation being the introduction of a “contribution for economic justice.”<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

What does this mean in practice?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

To bring a case before this new jurisdiction, the claimant must pay a contribution proportional to the stakes of the dispute.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Who is liable?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

The initial claimants (not incidental claimants), except for:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \n
  • The Public Prosecutor\u2019s Office, the State, local authorities, and public entities<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  • Individuals or private legal entities employing fewer than 250 employees<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  • Individuals with a taxable income below \u20ac250,000<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  • Legal entities whose average turnover over the past three years is below \u20ac50 million, or below \u20ac1.5 billion if their average profit over the same period is under \u20ac3 million.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n

    This contribution, classified as costs<\/strong>, will ultimately be borne by the losing party unless the court issues a specific reasoned decision stating otherwise.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    What disputes are affected?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

    All disputes where the initial claim exceeds \u20ac50,000<\/strong> (excluding legal fees).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    The decree does not distinguish between proceedings on the merits and summary proceedings. Article 27 of the November 20, 2023 law<\/strong> refers to \u201ceach proceeding brought before the Economic Activity Court,\u201d and the exceptions listed in the decree suggest that the contribution will also apply to summary actions.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    All types of claims before one of the 12 consular jurisdictions<\/strong> from January 1, 2025, are concerned, except for:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      \n
    • Actions for\u00a0revocation, modification, or challenge<\/strong>\u00a0of an order issued on request<\/li>\n\n\n\n
    • Opposition appeals<\/strong>\u00a0by a defaulting defendant<\/li>\n\n\n\n
    • Requests for\u00a0interpretation, rectification, or supplementation<\/strong>\u00a0of a prior decision<\/li>\n\n\n\n
    • Referrals to the court for the\u00a0initiation of an amicable or collective procedure<\/strong>\u00a0or within such a procedure<\/li>\n\n\n\n
    • Requests for approval<\/strong>\u00a0of a settlement agreement<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n

      What is the amount? Proportional to the claimant\u2019s financial capacity<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

      For legal entities<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n
        \n
      • 3% or 5%<\/strong>\u00a0of the total value of the claims, capped at\u00a0\u20ac50,000<\/strong>\u00a0or\u00a0\u20ac100,000<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n
      • The higher cap applies to legal entities with an\u00a0average turnover over the past three years exceeding \u20ac1.5 billion<\/strong>\u00a0and an\u00a0average profit over the past three years above zero<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n

        For individuals<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n
          \n
        • Taxable income between \u20ac250,000 and \u20ac500,000<\/strong>: 1% of the total claim value, capped at\u00a0\u20ac17,000<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n
        • Taxable income between \u20ac500,000 and \u20ac1,000,000<\/strong>: 3% of the total claim value, capped at\u00a0\u20ac33,000<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n
        • Taxable income above \u20ac1,000,000<\/strong>: 3% of the total claim value, capped at\u00a0\u20ac50,000<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n

          If there are multiple initial claimants, each must pay the contribution, and the total value of claims is assessed separately for each.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

          How is it paid?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
            \n
          1. When filing the case<\/strong>: A questionnaire provided by the court registry must be submitted with the initiating document.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
          2. Payment methods<\/strong>: At the court registry counter or online via the digital court platform.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
          3. Deadline<\/strong>: Not specified, but likely before the\u00a0pleading hearing<\/strong>, similar to fiscal stamps.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
          4. Sanction for non-payment<\/strong>: The\u00a0court will declare the claim inadmissible<\/strong>, even automatically. However, this ruling can be overturned within\u00a015 days<\/strong>\u00a0of notification, upon proof of payment.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
          5. Refunds<\/strong>: In case of\u00a0withdrawal of the claim<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n

            Key points to watch:<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
              \n
            • Review jurisdiction clauses<\/strong>\u00a0in your contracts.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
            • The jurisdiction of\u00a0Economic Activity Courts<\/strong>\u00a0has been extended to\u00a0collective procedures for liberal professionals<\/strong>, previously under the jurisdiction of\u00a0judicial courts<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n

              [1] Paris, Nanterre, Versailles, Avignon, Auxerre, Le Havre, Le Mans, Limoges, Lyon, Marseille, Nancy, Saint-Brieuc.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

              Since January 1, 2025, 12 commercial courts[1] have been renamed Economic Activity Courts for a four-year trial period, with the main innovation being the introduction of a “contribution for economic justice.” What does this mean in practice? To bring a case before this new jurisdiction, the claimant must pay a contribution proportional to the stakes of the dispute. […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[66],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1398","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-article-en"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nCreation of Economic Activity Courts and a Contribution for Economic Justice - Swift<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/swiftlitigation.com\/en\/creation-of-economic-activity-courts-and-a-contribution-for-economic-justice\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Creation of Economic Activity Courts and a Contribution for Economic Justice - Swift\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Since January 1, 2025, 12 commercial courts[1] have been renamed Economic Activity Courts for a four-year trial period, with the main innovation being the introduction of a “contribution for economic justice.” What does this mean in practice? 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